Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Culture - Essay Example Watching the night skies could have additionally been utilized by the old Chinese as a guide like how explorers rely upon the North Star. Most punctual records of stars were discovered cut on bones and shells. One extremely critical record made by old Chinese space experts was that of a sun oriented shroud in 2136 BC, the main human record of a sun based overshadowing on the planet discovered encoded on a bone. In 2006, a stone cutting of what is accepted to be the Big Dipper was found by Wu Jiaca in Inner Mongolia and is anticipated to have been cut in 4000 BC. The situation of the cutting was on the north side of the stone, highlighting the course of the said group of stars. Carvings and maps of the stars by antiquated Chinese stargazers were found by some European at Dunhuang, a significant resting place before going into the western deserts. It was theorized that the maps were utilized by the explorers to control them along the Silk Road. The maps dated to 700 AD and contain 1,350 stars orchestrated in the way on how one sees the skyline. The most established star map known in Chinese history goes back to the Warring States Period (403-211 BC). It was made by Shi Shen and was at that point been absent. Different maps were at the Ancient Beijing Observatory and the International Dunhuang Project of the British Library. The long periods of watching the moon, stars and the sun by the antiquated Chinese cosmologists prompted the introduction of the Chinese schedule. Perception of the sun, the moon and the stars is significant in anticipating the reoccurrence of an occasion. The main Chinese schedule was supposed to be lunisolar or dependent on both the lunar and the sun based cycles. The Huangdi Li, Zhuanxu Li, Xia Li, Yin Li, Zhou Li, and Lu Li were probably the soonest formal schedules acknowledged. There was an expected 102 Chinese schedules that have been created and updated from the Xia tradition (2070-1600 BC) to the Qing Dynasty (1645-1911) until at long last the Chinese

The Effects of Motivation on Work

In a universe of plenitude loaded up with unparalleled monetary lows, there has never been a more noteworthy requiring the comprehension of the impacts of inspiration in the work environment. We will take a gander at inspiration as the light expected to see positive change in our work life, the change important to improve the monetary height of our family and friends. Despite the fact that inspiration can't be instructed, it very well may be invigorated by a business or a person. Invigorated in a manner that makes the establishment to raise and surpass desire. To comprehend why inspiration assumes such a significant job in one’s profession it is unmistakably positive we should comprehend the genuine importance of the word and how it functions in various structures. Inspiration originates from the Latin root meaning â€Å"to move† (Wade and Tavris, 2009). As though this root significance isn't sufficient to get a handle on the thought, Psychologists characterize inspiration as the procedure of which an individual or creature advance toward an objective, or away from a negative circumstance (Wade and Tavris, 2009). There is no distinction in the manner inspiration works when we are attempting to accomplish inside the working environment or the inspiration to eat when we are eager. The power it makes is the equivalent however the ideal need is unique. Inspiration is likewise separated into two shifting components. These two components of inspiration must be comprehended on the grounds that they impact our attitude of accomplishing or all the more in this way, why we pick certain parts of following our inspirations. Characteristic inspiration is the quest for a movement for the wellbeing of its own while outward inspiration is the interest for outer prizes (Wade and Tavris 2009). We can see that inspiration drives us such that we intentionally and subliminally push ahead to achieve what it is that we look for, and it additionally used to push or pull away from a circumstance that would be have negative credits to our inspirations. We additionally realize that inspiration is impacted by various intentions. In this exploration paper we will examine inspiration in the work environment, be it positive, negative, or invalid. We will likewise talk about certain investigations behind the contemplations of how we work intellectually busy working, to work, and for work. Working inside an organization that makes a positive mental disposition mantra is adverse to the achievement of the organization and prosperity of the worker. Organizations can dispatch crusades to imitate inspiration, yet except if the organizations approach is genuinely true and reliable the worth is lost. In Douglas McGregor’s book, â€Å"The Human Side of Enterprise,† distributed in 1960, McGregor states that people have a characteristic aversion for work and dodge it in the event that they can (McGregor, 2010). So in the event that we as people hate work when all is said in done, how would we be able to ever get inspired? In Frederick Herzberg’s book, â€Å"The Motivation to Work,† Herzberg talks about how a work environment can make an inspiring domain for its representatives. He records figures that outcome inspiration and disappointment in the working environment. He calls them sparks and cleanliness factors (Herzberg, 2002). We will examine the cleanliness consider later this paper. The fantastic helpers he records are as per the following: accomplishments, obligation, work itself, acknowledgment, headway, and development (Herzberg, 2002). These elements give positive inspiration in the work place. His convictions of how an organization can spur additionally incorporate thoughts, for example, when a worker demonstrates the capacity to assume on greater liability the organization should respect the person, that the organization should work to use the full ability of the representative, and that if a person’s capacities can't be utilized the organization ought to supplant the person to keep up the condition of inspiration in the staff (Herzberg, 2002). An organization can attempt all that it can to inspire the work power, however what makes one worker be more spurred than another similarly situated. An individual’s positive inspiration they bring to work every day can create huge achievement in their profession. Where does their craving originate from? What makes one worker more inspired than others? These are two incredible inquiries that will help with figuring out what fills a person to perform at work with non-persuasive endeavors by the organization. There are a few conditions that emphatically influence our individual thought processes in achieving achievement. One answer is objectives. Objectives are said to improve execution when three conditions are met: the objective must be explicit, testing yet reachable, and intended to pick up what you need as opposed to what you don’t need (Wade and Tavris, 2009). This implies when somebody knows precisely what they need, as long as it isn’t absurdly far off, and they work toward a path that when finished gives most extreme fulfillment, one will start to perform better. An objective is only the vehicle of inspiration, the vehicle requires the fuel of inspiration to arrive at your goal. So generally, objectives breed inspiration. There are two kinds of objectives that help with developing as an individual. A presentation objective is encircled to do well before others, be judged deferentially, and maintain a strategic distance from analysis (Wade and Tavris, 2009). A dominance objective is intended to expand ones competency and range of abilities. (Swim and Tavris, 2009) When these two objectives are set into movement, our inspiration is called upon and we will at last produce further achievement. Another factor that will cause inspiration is very meaning of the natural and extraneous inspiration factor (Wade and Tavris, 2009). For instance, another vehicle, new family home, deals challenge, reward, and progression are on the whole traits that require a person to turn out to be increasingly spurred at work and produce more prominent outcomes. Additionally in Frederick Herzberg’s book â€Å"The Motivation to Work,† he records factors that make inspiration inside a person to prevail at function as accomplishment, acknowledgment, work itself, obligation, headway, and development (Herzberg, 2002). Inspiration from inside additionally can bring forth from self-anticipation (Wade and Tavris, 2009). At the point when one hopes to succeed, they work more diligently and turn out to be progressively persuaded to work (Wade and Tavris, 2009). In direct connection to desires is self-viability. Self-productivity is the conviction that the person in question is equipped for delivering wanted outcomes, acing aptitudes, and accomplishing objectives (Wade and Tavris 2009). This as well, can't be educated. It is created. We currently observe a relationship with how an organization and an individual can deliver inspiration at work and why it is significant. What we see is that it is a similar fundamental procedure, yet everything begins with an understanding that the individual must be willing to both do and need more prominent outcomes. There are additionally inspiring elements that can demoralize a worker at work. We will call this inspiration, a negative inspiration. Similarly as with all the components that cause positive inspiration, when their qualities are turned around negative inspiration will happen. On the off chance that there is no headway openings, errands are dull, the work in itself isn't significant, there are poor associations with bosses, or the specialist doesn't feel acknowledged then the inspiration and generally speaking disposition of the individual turns astray (Herzberg, 2002). The â€Å"Hygiene Factor† we addressed before clarifies that the disappointment one finds at work is a spark buzz slaughter (Herzberg, 2002). He calls these disappointing variables cleanliness on the grounds that similarly as in wellbeing cleanliness, these components are upkeep factors (Herzberg, 2002). Support factors are what we should do to maintain a strategic distance from disappointment (Herzberg, 2002). These components include: organization strategy, issues with bosses, work conditions, compensation, and issues with peers (Herzberg, 2002). These elements are straightforwardly identified with the impact of the workplace. In synopsis, it appears when one needs to work, to work, the mentality gets negative about the particular occupation. Similarly as with depreciators in the working environment, one can include spoilers inside themselves that are upsetting their capacity to get spurred in a vocation. These depreciators are sentiments, feelings, and occasions in one’s individual life that are causing negative impact on their work mindset. Accounts, time, family life, and absence of satisfaction are on the whole negative factors that weigh against ones inspiration. In the event that one accepts they are not following their fantasies or satisfying their maximum capacity they will endure, on the off chance that one isn’t investing enough energy with their family they will likewise endure, and on the off chance that one is battling monetarily they will clearly encapsulate issues. Sorrow is another factor that can remove inspiration. Misery makes the failure work in a few shifting structures. These are only a couple of reasons with respect to why an individual may battle to persuade themselves. At the point when inspiration is lost inside the psychological limits ascribed to our profession, regardless of whether exclusively or reared by the business, one could get impervious to change, invalid to development, and conflicting in task. This makes it difficult for one to finish every day errands, yet alone go to work with the inspiration accomplish extraordinary outcomes. Be that as it may, inspiration is a multifunctional mental capacity. Multifunctional in light of the fact that it can have negative, positive, and invalid outcomes. It can likewise create an impact where one will work with the dread of losing their position. They will do what is important to keep up their status, at the same time living with the dread of their solace level evolving. Working in this limit causes a poor mental disposition both at work and at home. We have contemplated the numerous sides of the impacts of inspiration in the work environment. We discovered numerous normal thoughts, hypotheses, and studies that partner both positive and negative inspiration. For a working environment to give a positive domain there are obviously characterized structures to deliver the ideal result. As an individual, we should earnestly feel comfort, challenge, acknowledgment, and development to become and stay in an inspired state. A tall rundown sure, yet so as to develop as people these are for the most part very I

Blog Archive Professor Profiles Gautam Kaul, Stephen M. Ross School of Business at the University of Michigan

Blog Archive Professor Profiles Gautam Kaul, Stephen M. Ross School of Business at the University of Michigan Many MBA applicants feel that they are purchasing a brand when they choose a business school, but the educational experience itself is crucial to your future, and no one will affect your education more than your professors. Each Wednesday, we profile a standout professor as identified by students. Today, we profile Gautam Kaul from the Stephen M. Ross School of Business at the University of Michigan. Gautam Kaul (“Finance and the Sustainable Enterprise”), the John C. and Sally S. Morley Professor of Finance at Ross, teaches both core curriculum courses and electives. In addition to referencing his intellectual capabilities, students with whom mbaMission spoke described Kaul as extremely friendly and having a great sense of humor. He is also known for his willingness to help students both inside and outside the classroom. In 2005, in direct response to student interest, Kaul developed the course “Finance and the Sustainable Enterprise.” In return, students recognized his efforts and awarded him the Sustainability Pioneer Award and a plaque in his honor on one of the chairs in the main auditorium of the university’s School of Natural Resources and Environment. For more information about Michigan Ross and 13 other top-ranked business schools, check out the mbaMission Insider’s Guides. Share ThisTweet Professor Profiles University of Michigan (Ross) Blog Archive Professor Profiles Gautam Kaul, Stephen M. Ross School of Business at the University of Michigan Many MBA applicants feel that they are purchasing a brand when they choose a business school, but the educational experience itself is crucial to your future, and no one will affect your education more than your professors. Each Wednesday, we profile a standout professor as identified by students. Today, we profile  Gautam Kaul  from the Stephen M. Ross School of Business at the University of Michigan. Gautam Kaul (“Finance and the Sustainable Enterprise”), the John C. and Sally S. Morley Professor of Finance at Ross, teaches both core curriculum courses and electives. In addition to referencing his intellectual capabilities, students with whom mbaMission spoke described Kaul as extremely friendly and having a great sense of humor. He is also known for his willingness to help students both inside and outside the classroom. In 2005, in direct response to student interest, Kaul developed the course “Finance and the Sustainable Enterprise.” In return, students recognized his efforts and awarded him the Sustainability Pioneer Award and a plaque in his honor on one of the chairs in the main auditorium of the university’s School of Natural Resources and Environment. Kaul has been nominated for an MBA Teaching Excellence Award (which is voted on by the student body) numerous times and won the award in 1996, 2006, 2009, and 2011. For more information about Michigan Ross and 15 other top-ranked business schools, check out the  mbaMission Insider’s Guides. Share ThisTweet Professor Profiles University of Michigan (Ross) Blog Archive Professor Profiles Gautam Kaul, Stephen M. Ross School of Business at the University of Michigan Many MBA applicants feel that they are purchasing a brand when they choose a business school, but the educational experience itself is crucial to your future, and no one will affect your education more than your professors. Each Wednesday, we profile a standout professor as identified by students. Today, we profile  Gautam Kaul  from the Stephen M. Ross School of Business at the University of Michigan. Gautam Kaul (“Finance and the Sustainable Enterprise”), the John C. and Sally S. Morley Professor of Finance at Michigan Ross, teaches both core curriculum courses and electives. In addition to referencing his intellectual capabilities, students with whom mbaMission spoke described Kaul as extremely friendly and having a great sense of humor. He is also known for his willingness to help students both inside and outside the classroom. In 2005, in direct response to student interest, Kaul developed the course “Finance and the Sustainable Enterprise.” In return, students recognized his efforts and awarded him the Sustainability Pioneer Award and a plaque in his honor on one of the chairs in the main auditorium of the university’s School of Natural Resources and Environment. Kaul has been nominated for an MBA Teaching Excellence Award (which is voted on by the student body) numerous times and won the award in 1996, 2006, 2009 and 2011. For more information about Michigan Ross and 15 other top-ranked business schools, check out the  mbaMission Insider’s Guides. Share ThisTweet Professor Profiles University of Michigan (Ross) Blog Archive Professor Profiles Gautam Kaul, Stephen M. Ross School of Business at the University of Michigan Many MBA applicants feel that they are purchasing a brand when they choose a business school, but the educational experience itself is what is crucial to your future, and no one will affect your education more than your professors. Each Wednesday, we profile a standout professor as identified by students. Today, we profile  Gautam Kaul  from the Stephen M. Ross School of Business at the University of Michigan. Gautam Kaul  (“Finance and the Sustainable Enterprise”), the John C. and Sally S. Morley Professor of Finance at Michigan Ross, teaches both core curriculum courses and electives. In addition to referencing his intellectual capabilities, students with whom mbaMission spoke described Kaul as extremely friendly and having a great sense of humor. He is also known for his willingness to help students both inside and outside the classroom. In 2005, in direct response to student interest, Kaul developed the course “Finance and the Sustainable Enterprise.” In return, students recognized his efforts and awarded him the Sustainability Pioneer Award and a plaque in his honor on one of the chairs in the main auditorium of the university’s School of Natural Resources and Environment. Kaul has been nominated for an MBA Teaching Excellence Award (which is voted on by the student body) numerous times and won the award in 1996, 2006, 2009, and 2011. He is also the 2009 recipient of the Vic tor L. Bernard Leadership in Teaching Award from the university’s Center for Research on Learning and Teaching. For more information about Michigan Ross and 15 other top-ranked business schools, check out the  mbaMission Insider’s Guides. Share ThisTweet Professor Profiles University of Michigan (Ross)

Role Of E Governance On Administrative Efficiency And...

Role of E-governance in administrative Efficiency and Combating Corruption Abstract: Administrative efficiency and Corruption have been the matter of growing interest for any Government of a country. Increasing efficiency and decreasing corruption are very much important for good governance and better development of a country. Because organization’s effectivity, productivity, depends on administrative efficiency. The objective of this paper is to find out the role of E-governance in Administrative Efficiency and Combating Corruption. It will provide ideas in which factors should be emphasized to ensure administrative efficiency and to battle against corruption with the weapon of E-governance. Keywords: e-Governance, Administrative efficiency, Corruption, development etc. Introduction: Developing countries like Bangladesh always faces some problems like lack of administrative efficiency and corruption in various level of society. E-governance can be an important tool to fight against it. The preliminary objective of e-governance is to provide better services and information to the citizens of a country. It has also plays an important role to fight against corruption along with providing services. So, now a-days, to increase administrative efficiency and to ensure quality service to the people no one can ignore the importance of E-governance. E-governance also can helps to reduce of corruption. Objective of the Study: The main objective of this study is to examine theShow MoreRelatedCorruption Is Barrier to Development in Pakistan9592 Words   |  39 PagesCompetition Corruption Is a Barrier to Development in Pakistan Syed Izatullah Department of Electronic Engineering BUITEMS Quetta syedizatullah@yahoo.com Outline I. INTRODUCTION 1. What is Corruption? A. The abuse of power for private gain is called corruption B. Corruption is authority plus monopoly minus transferency 2. Corruption in different away of life A. 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David Kolb s Framework Of Experiential Learning - 1534 Words

A big proponent of ESL learning, what my case study consists of, can be compared to David Kolb’s framework of experiential learning. Kolb’s experiential learning cycle features four stages: the concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualisation, and active experimentation. The first stage, concrete experience, involves doing or having an experience. The second stage, reflective observation, involves reviewing or reflecting on the experience. The third stage, abstract conceptualisation, involves concluding or learning from the experience. The fourth stage, active experimentation, involves planning or trying out what you learned. ISLA, which stands for Immersion for Spanish Language Acquisition, facilitates a supportive environment for Hispanic children to learn and explore in Spanish. ISLA mission is to provide cost-free heritage language classes, taught 100% in Spanish, include literacy, science, arts, and outdoor education, as well as cultural prog rams to nurture each student’s unique cultural heritage and multicultural experience. This past year ISLA took 103 Latino students and their families on a 2-day immersive camping trip to Morrow Mountain State Park, provided English classes for forty ISLA parents, and launched HUGS (Helping You Grow in Spanish) music and Spanish Immersion class for infants and toddler. I also would take various â€Å"adventures† into the forests that surrounded the ISLA camp. My case study consisted of children ranging from 5-13Show MoreRelatedReflective Portfolio Of Skills Development Essay1738 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction This report would analyse the skills developed throughout the MA in Personnel and Development Programme in LJMU. 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The issues of entitlement, equality, diversity and Inclusitivity will be addressed. It will also address the relevant legislation in my area of expertise and the importance

Cinderella Personal Narrative Essay - 923 Words

Cinderella Trust the gut. People always say trust the gut. I sat in the cold pew, hard and solid. I couldn’t escape, I couldn’t melt through the pew. She walked down the aisle. The devil dressed in white. I can hear my brother whispering in my ear, chills running down my spine as I realized what he was saying. â€Å"She is going to turn us into slaves. She is going to make us clean the toilet with toothbrushes and wash the floors on our hands and knees.† My stomach was churning. Something was wrong. Then everything registered, I was on the roller coaster of life and I didn’t put my seat belt on. I was falling. I looked around me and all I saw was white, her face appeared in front of me and she smiled. â€Å"Save yourself, no one is here to grab†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Go to your room!† She was right in my face as my chest was aching. She pushed me? When? My dad s voice was soothing to my soul as he said, â€Å"Cheyanne please go to you r room, I need to talk to your mom.† She’s not my mom. â€Å"Stepmom.† My face was stinging. She slapped me. â€Å"Disrespectful child!† â€Å"Go to your room now!† I ran. I ran like I was going to die if I stopped. My face burned, my ear was on fire, and my chest was aching. What did I do? June 25th, 2005. My life changed. My world flipped. My brother was right. My gut was right. Everyday a living hell. From the top of the mountain to the bottom of the valley. I had to grow up fast. I didn’t have time to be a child. I didn’t have time to be free. I didn’t have time to have fun. Work, chores, church. Replay. Work, chores, church. Replay. Thirteen years later and I move to the same rhythm. Back track to Eighth grade. I had a job. I went to church four times a week. I worked over the summer. I had free time to read. I had no phone, no friends, no home, and no mom. My dad always worked and my brother always played computer. I had no mom, just the devil. Sitting in our house church I hear my pastor saying, â€Å"Jodee is a great example of a christian mom. Look at her children. I remember before she came into Cheyanne’s and Tyler’s life, they were crazy, but she came along and it was like they joined the military.† Flashes crossed my mind. Screaming, yelling, threats, crying, desperation, no hope, no love, and noShow MoreRelatedArticle Summary of From Kitchen Tales to Table Narratives1447 Words   |  6 Pagesbefore referencing the material. This reminder does not contain all of the terms and conditions that govern your purchase Article summary: Zubiaurre, Maite. Culinary Eros In Contemporary Hispanic Female Fiction: From Kitchen Tales To Table Narratives. College Literature 33.3 (2006): 29-51. MLA International Bibliography. Web. 25 Nov. 2012. 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TypicallyRead MoreDisney s Employment Of Various Master Narratives And Its Way Of Representing Crimes And Criminals2267 Words   |  10 Pagesa vast majority of children are introduced to a great number of ideas representing culture, race, gender, politics, societal nor ms, and even the criminal justice system in North America through their narratives. This essay will attempt to illustrate how Disney’s employment of various master narratives and its way of representing crimes and criminals in films have impacted social conceptions of criminality within American society. â€Å"Representation is an essential part of the process by which meaningRead MoreEssay about Biography and Work of Guy de Maupassant4591 Words   |  19 Pagestraveling all over. 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He studies chemistr y

Dependent Variable Journal Research Culture CCD †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Dependent Variable Journal Research CCD. Answer: Dependent Variable The dependent variable in the journal research is cross culture adjustment (CCD) of expatriates. CCD is defined as the socio-cultural and psychological feeling of an individual working in a new culture. It refers to social and psychological adjustment that has to happen to an employees when moved from the home country of the parent company to another country and work for a subsidiary (Crossland and Hambrick, 2011). Expatriates have to open themselves for the host cultures by adjusting to new ways of conducting themselves. Expatriates have to change to new norms, behaviors and rules that were not part of their home culture. The journal researcher seeks to explore how CCA is dependent to cultural intelligence (CQ) and job positions. The research involves a cultural change from China to Australia. The cross cultural adjustment of China expatriates is examined when working in Australia a country with western culture and vice versa. Independent variables The independent variables of the research are cultural intelligence (CQ) and Job position. Cultural intelligence is defined as the individuals ability to cope with a foreign culture. It refers to individuals ability to effectively adapt to foreign culture (Earley and Mosakowsk 2004). Therefore cultural intelligence is the capacity and effectiveness of adopting a new culture. Cultural intelligence is made of motivational, cognitive, behavioral and Meta cognitive aspects of adapting to new culture. Job position is defined as the preposition that an individual works or holds in the new host company. The job position is related to power and influence that an individual has in the new company. These independent factors affect the persons ability to adjusting to new culture. Moderating Variable The moderating variable in the journal research is cultural distance asymmetry (CDA). CDA is defined as the cultural difference between the host company and the home company. It is how the subsidiary culture differs in the new country and parent company of the home country of the expatriates. The CDA involves the differences to beliefs, attitudes, behaviors and values shared by the subsidiary different to the home company. CDA moderation effects exist in the levels in relationships that are between the job positions and the CCA. Motivation of the variables included The study of CCA is motivated by the increased globalization that has increased the number of expatriates working in foreign countries. Globalization has increased companies ability to open up new subsidies around the global. The moving of employees to work in the subsidiaries has necessitated the understanding of the process of adjusting to new cultures. The depend variables is motivated by the need to examine the relationship of cultural quotient, CCA and job position. The dependent variables are motivated by the effect they have on cross culture adjustments. Cultural intelligent influences how an individual responds to new culture affecting the relationship of how expatriates interact and adjust to subsidies. Job position affects the level of interaction that an expatriates is involved in. job position influences the power direction in the organization that an individual has to serve in. The moderating variable is motivated by acknowledging the influence that CDA can have especial ly in high level in relationships. Measurement of the variables The CCA was measured by combining SCA and PCA. The SCA was measured by 14-Item Scale that was put forward by Black and Stephens (1989). This measures the work, living conditions and interactions adjustments of an individual in a host culture. PCA was measured using 12 item general health scale. This scale as developed by Goldberg (1972). The measured is used to monitor the well being in workplace contexts. The research has used this scale to measure the expatriates well being and psychological adaption. The CQ was measured by 20 item CQ scale. The CQ scale was developed by Ang et al (2004). The CQ scale measured motivation, Meta cognitive, behavioral dimension and cognitive. The job position an independent variable was measured by a binary variable of either the position was managerial or non managerial. The CDA was measured with multiple group analysis to record moderating impact. Other variables that could be included The study should have included other variables like education and training prior to staring working on another country. Level of education determines an individuals lifestyle and understanding of another people culture. Education stimulates tolerance and acceptance. Training about host culture when orienting expatriates before assuming their new roles in the host countries help them adjust quickly. These factors affects cross cultural adjustment and should have been included as independent variables in the study. References Earley, C. and Mosakowski, E. (2004), Cultural intelligence, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 82 No. 10, pp. 139-146 Goldberg, D. (1972), The Detection of Psychiatric Illness by Questionnaire, Oxford University Crossland, C. and Hambrick, D.C. (2011), Differences in managerial discretion across countries: how nation-level institutions affect the degree to which CEOs matter, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 32 No. 8, pp. 797-819. Press, London Ang, S., Van Dyne, L., Koh, C. and Ng, K.Y. (2004), The measurement of cultural intelligence, paper presented at the Academy of Management Meetings Symposium on Cultural Intelligence in the 21st Century, New Orleans, LA, August 23-24. Black, J.S. and Stephens, G.K. (1989), The influence of the spouse on American expatriate adjustment and intent to stay in Pacific Rim overseas assignments, Journal of Management, Vol. 15 No. 4, pp. 529-544.

Hotel Management System free essay sample

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Hotel reservations systems, commonly known as a  central reservation system  (CRS) is a computerized system that stores and distributes information of a hotel, resort, or other lodging facilities. A Central Reservation System is a tool to reach the  Global Distribution Systems  as well as Internet Distribution Systems from one single system, namely a central reservation system. A CRS is mainly an assistance for hoteliers to manage all of their  online marketing  and sales, where they can upload their rates amp; availabilities to be seen by all sales channels that are using a CRS. Sales Channels may include conventional travel agencies as well as online travel agencies. A hotelier using a central reservation system easing his/her tasks for online distribution, because a CRS does everything to distribute hotel information to the sales channels instead of the hotelier. ABSTRACT The chapter 1 discusses the introduction and system overviewof  the  study. We will write a custom essay sample on Hotel Management System or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This  section  deals  with  the  following  statement  of  theproblem according to the study, objective, scope and delimitation of thestudy. The chapter 2 deals with the feasibility studies discuss whichincludes  technical  feasibility  and  operational  feasibility. Economicfeasibility deals with the hardware and software depreciation cost. Thecost will implement in the market analysis. System Analysis implements diagrams that discuss the flow of  the  proposed  system. It  helps  the  proponents  to  take  action  for  theproposed system. Computer programmers develop things like computer system thatthe rest of us could use. The computer programmers tell the users what todo. They make programs that users can easily used or understand. The advent of new technology gave rise to easy and hassle freeinteraction between and among humans. Whether it is in business, scienceor what ever task a person takes on the quality and speed of carrying it outare enhanced with automation at the core of this efficient  Today,  many systems have  used an  automation process like usingcomputer system, due to the efficient and accuracy. Hotel ReservationSystem† is a transaction processing system. In this system there are moreadvantages rather than a manual Hotel Reservation. Background of the Study The proponents want to know the reasons of hotel in using manualreservation. The proponents conduct a study towards the topic becausethey notice some of the hotel still use manual reservation. The study will emphasize the effects of using manual reservationand how a computerized reservation will be substituted. Therefore, theproponents purported to find out how to increase the number of customerusing computerized reservation. Interaction and individual stimulation have always been linked tothe technological availability of the time and place. With the transition toan information-based society, computers and transactions have evolvedfrom manual transaction. One of the solutions or alternatives to the problems that a hotel isfacing, a system was being developed which can edit, delete, filter,monitor and store and secured the records of the customers. Hotel Reservation system is a transaction processing system thatsolves the problem encountered during the manual Hotel Reservation. The computerized Hotel Reservation System aims to simplify the manualHotel Reservation fastest and accurate. Database is shared thru LocalArea  Network  (LAN). The  proponents  make  use  of  some  tools  andtechniques to build the project. The system uses Graphical User Interface(GUI) to help the user give instruction to the computer. The system once 6 implemented it will solve the most common problems that the HotelReservation encounter. Statement of the Problem Based on the research conducted, the proponents found out theproblem of this study is:How will this system help the management and the staff to have anaccurate  service  at  the  same  time  to  monitor  the  records  of  thecustomers? General Problem:The main problem of this study is the inaccurate reservation of thecustomer. Specific problem:1. Low in security2. Time monitoring3. Less data integrity4. Difficulty in searching and retrieving files5. Possible loss of records and retrieving files6. Difficulty in finding the availability of  rooms Objective of the Study This study intends to develop an Hotel Reservation System. The proponents developed an automated system suitable for thehotel; the system could save time, effort in filling and monitoring Hotel Management Thesis Sample Hotel Service Quality Control Summary December last year, I came to work in our unit internship Garden Hotel Suzhou, famous Yang began officially become my life work. After entering the hotel, we first continuous learning training started. discontinuity in learning, I deeply understand that the hotel service quality for a hotels overall image of the shape is very important. hotels belong to the service behavior. The hotel offers a main product is service . hotel service quality is the life of the hotel, service quality control is the core of the hotel management. Currently, the global hotel market in general is oversupply, different fierce competition among hotels, guests who are able to provide comprehensive quality services, who will be able to provide comprehensive quality services to the guests, who will be able to gain a competitive edge in the market, good economic returns. Service Quality Management is currently one of the hot enterprise management, enterprise competitive advantage to win long-term guarantee. So , to improve hotel service quality, we must establish the correct concept of service quality management. master effective quality of service control. while in the hotel service quality management, must be emphasized that the concept of total quality management to improve the overall customer feeling of hotel service quality, comprehensive and accurate grasp of the requirements of customers, providing services to meet customer requirements, and to customer satisfaction. This is the hotel can be based on the market, and the basic conditions for the development, management of hotel service quality is a basic principle. So , the hotel should understand current and future customer needs, satisfaction with customer requirements and strive to exceed customer expectations, while providing personalized service, is to shop for different individual needs of the guests are provided with targeted services, which create a hotel customer loyalty, pursuit of their long-term interests has an important influence, therefore, the hotel business as a service behavior in the course of activities, services, core accounting components, this paper, the control of hotel service quality are discussed. Key words: quality service hotel service quality personalized service   Abstract In twelve month of last year, I have arrived in our practice place of work Suzhou Oasis Hotel, have started me treading the life entering working position formally. In entering a hotel, we have begun to train discontinuous studying first. In molding studying disconnection, my deep acquaintance to the hotel service quality overall image to a hotel be what important. The hotel is belonged to serve a sexual behaviour. That the hotel is that the product that the guest provides is main is service. Hotel service quality is the hotel life, serving the mass under the control of is hotel management controlcore content. At present, the whole world hotel marketplace is excessive supply as a whole, hotel room competition is different fierce, who is able to provide guest with all-round high grade service, who is therefore likely to provide guest with all-round high grade service, who is therefore likely to get a competitive edge on the marketplace, gain the fine economic effect. Serving quality control is one of the hot spot that current business administration studies, guarantee being that enterprise wins the long competitive edge. Therefore, need to improve hotel service quality, must set up correct service quality control idea. Have the effective service mass under the control of in hand. In serving quality control at the same time in the hotel, must emphasize overall quality control concept, improve hotel overall service quality in customer feeling, various grasping a customer all round accurately requires that providing the service satisfying the customer request, makes a customer satisfied and. This is that the hotel can keep a foothold in the marketplace, joins the main conditions further developing, and is also that the hotel serves fundamental one quality control middle principle. Therefore, the hotel should understand current and future need of customer, demand the satisfied customer and strive for to exceed the customer expectation, but provide to individuation service, pertinency provided by individuality need had by guest of store serves coming being to satisfy diversity, this builds the faithful customer of hotel face to face, run after enterprise long-term interests having important effect, therefore, the hotel is hit by as serving a sexual behaviour in enterprise business operations process, serve a component holding core position, the main body of a book is discussed specifically for hotel service quality controlling has been in progress. Keywords: First class of service Hotel service quality Individuation service   directory.

Ghost Soldiers essays

Ghost Soldiers essays Hampton Sides, the author of Ghost Soldiers, did an amazing job detailing the special operation to rescue the prisoners of war at the Cabanataun camp. The Cabanataun camp was a Japanese prisoner of war camp. Sides tells two stories throughout the book, he tells the story of the prisoners of war and then he accounts in detail, the story of the men who were performing a special operation to rescue the prisoners of war. The stories that are told in Side's book are absolutely heart-wrenching and also heart-warming. One side of the book discusses the cruelty that man will inflict upon another man. The other side discusses the risks that man will take to help another man. The story begins with the raid that occurred at Puerto Princesa Prison Camp. On December 14, 1944. American prisoners of war were ambushed by Japanese troops, they tortured these men, beat them and set them on fire among other torture tactics. Out of all of the POWs only 11 survived. Fortunately these men were able to give the United States the heads up on the Japanese treatment of POWs. Luckily for the POWs at Cabanatuan, this was not the first time that POWs had been tortured in Japan, and there were men who were able to rescue the tortured. It all began on April 4, 1942. Major General Edward King went to surrender to the Japanese, they were not faring well, food supplies were scarce and the soldiers were suffering from health issues. King knew that they could not continue. He therefore went to talk to the General Hommu about surrendering. He did this without the consent from officials. He sacrificed himself rather then lead 78,000 soldiers to their death. Not only were there American Soldiers but the Filipinos were fighting along side the United States. When he got to the headquarters to talk to General Hommu, he met with Colonel Motoo Nakeyuma, who was filling in for Hommu. King presented some requests and Motoo denied them. King knew no matter wh ...

REAL ESTATE AND THE ECONOMY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

REAL ESTATE AND THE ECONOMY - Essay Example The paper, however, discusses it in the U.S. context and explains that how it influence the economy. Real Estate and its Impact on U.S. Economy Real estate market’s strength or weakness has huge influences on U.S. economy. It was hard to admit that financial system was broken after the collapse of real estate bubble. Development in real estate is closely linked with the U.S. economy and its role cannot be ignored in our future progress (Babigian, 2011).U.S. real estate market is divided into commercial and residential real estate. Real estate constitutes several important aspects of economic activity. It has direct and indirect impact on the level and composition of real gross domestic product (GDP).In addition to new construction, real estate is a lasting asset which holds crucial balance sheet effects. For instance, lasting increase in household net worth that originates from rising real house prices suppose to trigger household spending on goods and services. There is a gen eral agreement on the effect of wealth on household behavior; however, its magnitude is somewhat less agreed upon (Missouri, 2007, p.1).According to Missouri (2007): Currently residential fixed investment comprises a little less than 5 percent of GDP. There are myriad of direct and indirect effects associated with real estate that spill over into the other aspects of economy, such as the demand for lumber, labor and other commodities used in the construction of structures or in remodeling activity.(p.1) There is fairly large nonresidential component in the U.S. real estate economy. Determinants of new construction in this sector are comparatively different because commercial or industrial structure is established asset and business will only invest in it if rate of return is at least comparable to its opportunity cost (Missouri, 2007, p.1).Real estate industry contributed over $1,472 billion to U.S. GDP in 2005 that amounts to 11.9 percent of total GDP. The value added from real est ate, leasing, and rental practices increased to over $1,731 billion (13.2 percent) of total GDP in 2006(Anari,2008,p.2).According to Anari (2008), â€Å"In 2006, Texas’ real estate industry was the second most important private industry after manufacturing. The industry’s contribution to the state’s GDP in 2005 was more than $79 billion†¦ [that amounts to] 8 percent of the Texas GDP† (p.2). Real GDP is the most extensive measure of goods and services produced in country in a particular time period. Among the major components of GDP, structure shared approximately 10 percent for last 25 years. In addition, other goods and services are associated with structure, such as furniture, utilities, and roads. Generally, residential expenditures are larger than that of nonresidential structures. In 2007, residential fixed investment constituted approximately 30 percent of the total private fixed investment while nonresidential structures constituted 20 percent . Residential fixed investment rise from 2000 to 2006 is considered to be quite unusual (Missouri, 2007, pp.2-5).In 2007, According to Missouri (2007): †¦ Construction spending has totaled a bit less than $1.2 trillion at a seasonally adjusted annual rate, with private construction outlays comprising a little more than three-quarters of the total and public construction outlays the remaining one quarter. (p.5) There has been a reasonable upward shift

Danger Of Smoking For The Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Danger Of Smoking For The Society - Essay Example The tobacco products are sources of taxes, and thus the government should not ban smoking. Weighing the benefits and drawbacks of abolition is an important exercise. Smoking affects the health of the smokers and non-smokers. Banning of the cigarette sale and smoking is important to reduce the healthcare cost and financial burden of smokers, as well as, promote a healthier nation that can work productively. Smoking affects the health of the smokers and non-smokers. The World Health Organization report attributes many deaths to smoking (Ash 3). The projections of the World Health Organization indicate that people who succumb to death from the smoking might reach ten million in 2020 (Ash 3-5). Notably, smoking in public affects the health of people and does not discriminate against the age. The children raised by the families, which smoke, have high chances of developing health complications. For instance, such children exhibit health complications such as cardiovascular and neurobiological problems. According to Ash, a study focusing on pediatrics indicated that passive smoking affects the children, and the youngsters have higher chances of suffering from chronic diseases including sickle cell anemia (2-5). In this respect, it is important to ban the sale of cigarettes in order to promote a nation that has healthier children. Smoking increases the chances of contracting medical conditions such as asthma, which consequently retards the mental growth in children. Ash reports about a study in the United States that linked the children’s exposure to the smoke from the cigarette to ill health and poor reasoning capabilities (4). The indication is that the children brought up in an environment that promotes smoking have a high possibility of exhibiting the asthmatic symptoms such as wheezing and pains in the chest.

Moving away from hatred Essay Example for Free

Moving away from hatred Essay â€Å"On Saturday in the Serbian Town of Cacak (which is located in the Western-Central part of the country), fans of the local team Borac Cacak were conducting racial chants and wearing KKK attire aimed at one Mike Tamwanera. Usually when you have fans chanting or hissing at a player he usually plays for another team, but Tamwanera who is from Zimbabwe, plays for Borac Cacak. While arrests were made by Cacak police and the club has stated that these fans will be banned from future games, the act itself is extremely disgraceful. It is extremely disappointing to see Serbian people do this type of action The problem lies in the fact that these small group of fans who donned the garments known for extreme racism do not realize that the Ku Klux Klan have also been known to hate all minority groups including Slavic people who we Serbs are a part of. By wearing the white-cloth attire, these fans are showing that they support the hate done to their own people; its the same if Serbs wore Nazi uniforms and paraded around the town (Kross. 2006)† Looking back at these incidents, I am made to reflect on the acts of racism that I have seen and heard of here in America. One case here in America that has definitely struck a bone in me is the Jena Six (6) incident. As we know this is with regard to six (6) black teenagers beating up a white teenager and being charged with attempted murder and conspiracy. Looking at this incident, I am led to believe that the root of the case is rather complicated and is in fact rooted in decades of violence and aggression between Black and White Americans, which has led to a vicious cycle between the two. As Todd Lewan wrote in his article, â€Å"Clearly, something bad occurred in Jena, population 2,971, an old sawmill town in LaSalle Parish that, once upon a time, was Ku Klux Klan country. And, as most white and black residents readily agree, there is no good reason for embracing what unfolded here. † However, digging deeper into the story we see that the issue at heart is basically spawn by misunderstanding and hatred. Hatred that is drawn from differences we refuse to see beyond as human beings. This coupled by the fact that numerous injustices have been made in the past only add up to the existing problem. Racial acts are no longer the only scope of the norms and mores groups become socialized into but aggression and violence become a legitimate way by, which such groups express themselves. Looking back at the incident it is history repeating itself as Black Americans get back at White Americans for disputes and vice versa. In addition to this, the fact that racism is a group privilege as pointed out earlier only compounds the matter. This is since it bolsters the behavior and even perpetuates violent and aggressive acts such as the Jena 6 incident and even the beating of the gypsies in Europe. Moreover, the group does not see that such acts are wrong. Certain acts to them are merely a way by which they can express themselves and the like. Yet to think that even such actions are spawned from misunderstandings or inaccurate interpretations leads me to think that so much pain and suffering can actually be avoided if we simply open our minds. Taking into account the Jena Six incident as taken from Newsweek: â€Å"Decades of suppressed racial hostility spilled forth at the appearance of those swaying nooses. Word spread quickly that day; before long, scores of black students congregated under the tree. As black students, we didnt call it a protest, says Robert Bailey Jr. , one of the Jena Six. We just called it standing up for ourselves. School officials convened an assembly in early September, where local District Attorney Reed Walters appeared, flanked by police officers. I can be your best friend or your worst enemy, he told students, warning them to settle down. With a stroke of my pen, I can make your lives disappear. A visit to the school, along with the fact that the three white boys who admitted to hanging the nooses were only dealt a few days suspension, further inflamed the African-American community. It felt like they were saying, We can do what we want to those ns, says Marcus Jones, Bells father. Things reached a boil later in the semester. During the Thanksgiving holiday, someone set fire to the school, reducing the main academic wing to rubble (no one has been arrested, and though a link between what was ruled an arson and the racial discord hasnt been proved, many suspect there is one). The following day, Bailey was punched and beaten with beer bottles when he tried to enter a mostly white party in town. The white kid who threw the first punch was later charged with simple battery and given probation†¦ (Flores and Kovach. 2007). † We can see that the escalation to the whole incident could have been avoided if it was approached with more understanding from both races. It should not have been about White or Black but rather of what was socially and morally right or wrong. We have to realize that racism not only is morally wring but is also legally wrong. According to UN International Conventions, the term racial discrimination shall mean any distinction, exclusion, restriction or preference based on race, color, descent, or national or ethnic origin which has the purpose or effect of nullifying or impairing the recognition, enjoyment or exercise, on an equal footing, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural or any other field of public life. Although it is defined and seen in a sociological standpoint as being a group privilege and can in a certain sense cause a debate as to whether or not such behavior exhibited by a group is deviant; the fact remains that it has moral, ethical and legal ramifications. Racism, be it in the form of a racial slur or an actual physical act (whether in retaliation or not) is just plain wrong. Yes there have been numerous indignations between various races in the past but we have to learn to bridge beyond differences in ethnicity and culture. Perhaps the next step in a progressive and linear development in achieving true equality is for us to start relearning the concepts we have learned. To unlearn what it is to hate and to start seeing others as being our equal. Of course this is easier said than done. In his article entitled â€Å"Racism in America: What has to happen for black and white to unite? † Jeff Hickman sites that a greater problem or obstacle to hurdle in overcoming racism is ignorance. In his words, â€Å"As we all know it takes only a very short time to teach a person to hate, and yet you can spend a lifetime in vain attempting to repair the misguided web of lies racism encompasses†¦One of the most difficult tasks in life to accomplish is to overcome the core fundamental principles that you are taught as a child. Parents, Grandparents, and role models, yield an enormous amount of influence in the moral development of a child (Hickman. 2007). † Taking this into account we can see that norms and mores carried from one racist group can actually be passed on to the next generation. Furthermore, studies have also shown the relationship of peers and role models in reinforcing a behavior. Such is the contention of Alfred Bandura, a psychologist who formulated the Social Learning Theory. According to his theory we learn basic skills and behaviors by observing what others or rather role models do. Given the case of racism the more alarming aspect is that violence and aggression are also passed on and reinforced. Rick Van Acker â€Å"the development of chronic aggressive and violent behavior is complex and appears to involve the interplay of multiple risk factors†¦factors related to family functioning, peer associations, and the community in which the child resides, however, probably account for the greatest variation in the learning and expression of aggression and violence† (pars. 3). Hence we have a vicious cycle that we must break. As they say, hate breeds hate. Going back to what Joseph Addison said, â€Å"If men would consider not so much where they differ, as wherein they agree, there would be far less of uncharitableness and angry feeling in the world. † This is something we must all take into heart. The problem raced by racism and the ignorance it has bred is not unique to White Americans, Black Americans, Serbians or what ever other race. The connotations we have and the diversity between races should not be viewed as taboo or dreadful. Instead we should learn to respect the diversity we have cross culturally and see it as part of what makes us beautiful. Moreover, we have to see beyond the differences and realize that we are all the same†¦that we are all human beings. Racism has always been both an instrument of discrimination and a tool of exploitation. But it manifests itself as a cultural phenomenon, susceptible to cultural solutions, such as multicultural education and the promotion of ethnic identities (Sivanandan pars. 1). It is not a hopeless scenario. We can change it through continuous education and culture sensitivity. We must remember that in the end, the world we live in does not shape our society but we as human beings are the ones that create, maintain and change the very fabric of the society we live in. References Fraser, Angus. The Peoples of Europe: The Gypsies. Blackwell Publishing P, 1995. Hickman, Jeff.â€Å"Racism in America: What has to happen for white and black to unite? † The People’s Media Company. 1 May 2007. 25 September 2007. http://www. associatedcontent. com/article/221501/racism_in_america_what_has_to_hap pen. html? page=3 UN International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination. 7 March 1966. New York. Kovach, Gretel C. and Campo-Flores, Arian. â€Å"A Town In Turmoil. † Newsweek Society. (20-27 August 2007 Issue). 25 September 2007. http://www. msnbc. msn. com/id/20218937/site/newsweek/page/0/ Kross, Final. â€Å"Racism in Serbia and Kezman. † Fox Sports. 18 October 2006. 25 September 2007. http://community. foxsports. com/blogs/FinalKross/2006/10/18/Racism_in_Serbia_and_Kezman Lewan, Todd. â€Å"Black and white becomes gray in La. Town. † The Associated Press. 2007. 24 September 2007. http://news. yahoo. com/s/ap/20070922/ap_on_re_us/a_place_called_jena Race and Ethnicity. 31 March 2003. Elaine Leeder and US2 Design. 24 September 2007. http://www. sonoma. edu/users/l/leeder/index. htm Racism. 25 September 2007. Wkimedia Foundation, Inc. 25 September 2007. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Racism Shah, Anup. â€Å"Racism. † Global Issues. 20 December 2004. 24 September 2007. http://www. globalissues. org/HumanRights/Racism. asp#RacismagainstGypsies Sivanandan, A. â€Å"Poverty is the New Black. † The Guardian Unlimited. 17 August 2001. 25 September 2007. http://www. guardian. co. uk/globalisation/story/0,7369,538225,00. html World of Quotes. com. 2007. 2003 – 2006 Roy Russo. 24 September 2007. http://www. worldofquotes. com/topic/Difference/1/index. html. Van Acker, Rick. â€Å"Aggression and Violence: Factors Related to Their Development. † T/TAC. 1 May 1997. 25 September 2007. http://www. wm. edu/ttac/articles/challenging/aggression. html.

Essay --

Throughout history there has been a vast development of organisation which has led us to today’s modern factory systems. Machinery and the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century obviously play a vital role in these changes however before we can analyse how they have influenced the system greatly; we have to understand how the organisations came about in the first place and how they have changed in order to have created the demand for machinery and therefore the industrial revolution. There has been much debate over what prompted development and change. Marglin (1974) states that it wasn’t the new machinery and industrial revolution that prompted change it was in fact, the control and new efficiency from the old organisation systems to the more modern factory system that created the demand. He questions whether work organization is determined by society or technology and asks whether hierarchical authority is really necessary for high levels of production (Marglin 197 4 p19). However others disagreed and it is still an ongoing debate eg. David Landes (1969) argues that the symbol of revolution was a combination of technological and cultural factors. The transformation from early organisations such as workshops, guilds, cooperatives and the ‘putting out system’ to the rise of the factory system brings us closer to today’s organisation. In the early organisations in workshops there was scope for embezzlement, a poor allocation of resources and traditional hierarchies were very common. The putting-out system was a simple, decentralized method of producing manufactured goods and it had been in use for a few centuries by the time it grew in importance during the mid-18th Century. The system was based upon the idea of a central auth... ...age in the development of the organisation had been established, we can focus on the most relevant driving force that led us to modern factory systems. It was in fact Weber who brought in the idea of bureaucracy and this is what has led factories to be more like modern organisations due to more hierarchical control and maximum efficiency. The industrial sector is constantly evolving and this can be seen during the 19th Century when the main driving force was leaning more towards improvements in machinery and technology. This changed during the 20th Century when bureaucracy, hierarchy and control had more influence. Industry will continue to evolve and refine itself due to demand for higher efficiency and productivity. With the ever changing business environment and constant technological advances, it is hard to predict what may influence manufacturing systems next. Essay -- Throughout history there has been a vast development of organisation which has led us to today’s modern factory systems. Machinery and the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century obviously play a vital role in these changes however before we can analyse how they have influenced the system greatly; we have to understand how the organisations came about in the first place and how they have changed in order to have created the demand for machinery and therefore the industrial revolution. There has been much debate over what prompted development and change. Marglin (1974) states that it wasn’t the new machinery and industrial revolution that prompted change it was in fact, the control and new efficiency from the old organisation systems to the more modern factory system that created the demand. He questions whether work organization is determined by society or technology and asks whether hierarchical authority is really necessary for high levels of production (Marglin 197 4 p19). However others disagreed and it is still an ongoing debate eg. David Landes (1969) argues that the symbol of revolution was a combination of technological and cultural factors. The transformation from early organisations such as workshops, guilds, cooperatives and the ‘putting out system’ to the rise of the factory system brings us closer to today’s organisation. In the early organisations in workshops there was scope for embezzlement, a poor allocation of resources and traditional hierarchies were very common. The putting-out system was a simple, decentralized method of producing manufactured goods and it had been in use for a few centuries by the time it grew in importance during the mid-18th Century. The system was based upon the idea of a central auth... ...age in the development of the organisation had been established, we can focus on the most relevant driving force that led us to modern factory systems. It was in fact Weber who brought in the idea of bureaucracy and this is what has led factories to be more like modern organisations due to more hierarchical control and maximum efficiency. The industrial sector is constantly evolving and this can be seen during the 19th Century when the main driving force was leaning more towards improvements in machinery and technology. This changed during the 20th Century when bureaucracy, hierarchy and control had more influence. Industry will continue to evolve and refine itself due to demand for higher efficiency and productivity. With the ever changing business environment and constant technological advances, it is hard to predict what may influence manufacturing systems next.

Reaction Paper About Martial Law

Reaction Paper about Martial Law On September 21, 1972, President Ferdinand E. Marcos placed the Philippines under Martial Law. The declaration issued under Proclamation 1081 suspended the civil rights and imposed military authority in the country. Marcos defended the declaration stressing the need for extra powers to quell the rising wave of violence allegedly caused by communists. As I watched the 11 clips of Martial Law, different feelings showed up in me. Related reading: Martial Law ReflectionAt first, knowing that a bright Filipino would take over the president’s position during those times, I feel contented because my impression regarding how he would rule the Philippines will be on a good state. However, as I continued watching the clips, my contentment feeling became anger because as he proclaimed that the Philippines will be under Martial Law, my good impression about him was ruined. Benigno Aquino Jr. ssued a warning during his speech since he is a newly elected senate; he stated that the Philippines under Ferdinand Marcos was slowly being in a â€Å"garrison state† wherein the country will be under the control of militarist forces. When I saw this scene, I was actually agreeing with what Sen. Aquino said. During the early 1970s, the anti-government started doing rallies concerning the increase of price of gasoline and basic commodities, presence of US Military bases in the Philippines, foreign control over econom y, corruption in the government and widening gap between rich and poor.In this kind of scene, the government should start having reform movements so that the protests of the people will not be wasted but instead of this, violence is the government’s response. The government should understand the side of the mass but they were contradicted to what they are supposed to be doing. I also recalled in the film was the Plaza Miranda which was the symbol of democracy and freedom of speech since the activists and politicians gathers here.

Yuuki in Translation

The Japanese word yuuki, pronounced you-key, is translated to mean courage, bravery, or boldness. Japanese Characters 勇æ °â€"(ゆ㠁†ã  ) Example Kare wa kesshite yuuki o ushinawanakatta.Ã¥ ½ ¼Ã£  ¯Ã¦ ± ºÃ£ â€"㠁 ¦Ã¥â€¹â€¡Ã¦ °â€"ã‚’å ¤ ±Ã£â€š Ã£  ªÃ£ â€¹Ã£  £Ã£ Å¸Ã£â‚¬â€š Translation:  His courage never failed him.